What struggles have been faced in former years of agriculture?

The correct choice highlights significant challenges that the agricultural sector has historically faced, namely land fertility issues and extreme weather. These factors can greatly affect crop yields and the sustainability of farming practices.

Land fertility issues arise from various factors, such as soil degradation, over-farming, and improper agricultural practices. When soil loses its nutrients, it can no longer support healthy crop production, leading to diminished harvests. On the other hand, extreme weather events, including droughts, floods, and severe storms, disrupt planting and harvesting schedules, damage crops, and erode soil. These struggles have prompted farmers to adapt their practices and policies to ensure food security and sustainable agriculture.

In contrast, excessive farm subsidies may provide financial assistance but do not necessarily reflect a struggle faced in agriculture; they can be seen as a governmental effort to support farmers. Furthermore, flooding can potentially improve land fertility in certain situations, but it is often more associated with destructive impacts that negate the benefits. Finally, surplus crops due to favorable climate conditions present a scenario that can benefit farmers, rather than constitute a struggle, as it typically leads to successful harvests and economic advantages. Thus, the correct answer encompasses the real historical difficulties in agriculture, emphasizing the need for resilience and adaptation in the face of